1 egg - two egg yolks OR an egg size amount of mayonnaise OR 1 tablespoon dried egg and ¼ cup of water.

1 cup cake flour – 2 tablespoons cornstarch and finish filling cup with all-purpose flour.

1 cup butter or margarine – 1 cup shortening + ½ teaspoon salt

1 cup corn syrup – 1 cup sugar + ¼ cup water

1 cup buttermilk – 1 cup milk and add 1 tablespoon white vinegar, stir gently until it curdles

1 cup nuts - 1 cup Grapenuts cereal + ¼ teaspoon almond flavoring OR other cereal with nut clusters OR semi-crushed saltine crackers

1 cup light cream – 1 cup undiluted evaporated milk

1 – 15oz. can tomato sauce - 1 – 6oz. can tomato paste and ¾ cup water OR watered down catsup in a real pinch

1 tablespoon cornstarch (as a thickening agent) – 2 tablespoons all–purpose flour

1 teaspoon baking powder – ½ teaspoon cream of tartar and ¼ teaspoon baking soda

1 ounce unsweetened chocolate - 3 tablespoons cocoa powder + 1 tablespoon butter or margarine

1 cup of molasses – 1 cup of honey (milder taste) OR add some brown sugar for stronger taste

1 cup sour cream – (for baking) 7/8 cup buttermilk + 3 tablespoons butter, (for eating) 1 cup plain yogurt

1 cup heavy cream - (for baking) 1/3 cup melted butter or margarine + ¾ cup milk

1 cup catsup or chili sauce - 1 cup tomato sauce + ¼ cup sugar + 2 tablespoons vinegar

1 cup tomato paste – 1 cup tomato sauce + 2 tablespoons all-purpose flour OR cook down 2 cups tomato sauce